Tag: timur

ECONOMIC GROWTH, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENSS

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper analysis direct and indirect impact of economic growth on global competitiveness,
with human development as moderator variable. Cross-section data on economic growth, human
development and global competitiveness indices were collected from 123 countries and
employed in a path analysis model. The results show that economic growth had positive and
significant direct impact on global competitiveness. Economic growth had negative and
significant direct impact on human development. Meanwhile, human development had positive
and significant direct impact on global competitiveness. Indirectly, through moderator variable
human development, economic growth had negative and significant impact on global
competitiveness. Implications of this finding were that economic growth no longer a single
important factor in development indicator for achieving global competitiveness. It is then
suggested that human development sustainably be promoted in order to make nations globally
competitive.

This paper analysis direct and indirect impact of economic growth on global competitiveness,
with human development as moderator variable. Cross-section data on economic growth, human
development and global competitiveness indices were collected from 123 countries and
employed in a path analysis model. The results show that economic growth had positive and
significant direct impact on global competitiveness. Economic growth had negative and
significant direct impact on human development. Meanwhile, human development had positive
and significant direct impact on global competitiveness. Indirectly, through moderator variable
human development, economic growth had negative and significant impact on global
competitiveness. Implications of this finding were that economic growth no longer a single
important factor in development indicator for achieving global competitiveness. It is then
suggested that human development sustainably be promoted in order to make nations globally
competitive.

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KETERKAITAN SEKTOR-SEKTOR PARIWISATA DALAM PEREKONOMIAN BALI: ANALISIS INPUT-OUTPUT

Muchdie, Muchdie

Employing the concept of black-box system operasionalied by input-output model, this paper analyses linkages and the role of tourism sectors in the economy of Bali. After explaining the method of analysis, an example of black box system consist of input, proses and output of tourism sectors is presented based on the input-output table of Bali. This paper then discusses linkages: direct, open and closed linkages of tourism sectors in the economy of Bali. Disaggregated output, income and import multipliers of these sectors are also provided to indicate which sectors involved. Summary and conclusion are finally provided at the end of the paper.

Employing the concept of black-box system operasionalied by input-output model, this paper analyses linkages and the role of tourism sectors in the economy of Bali. After explaining the method of analysis, an example of black box system consist of input, proses and output of tourism sectors is presented based on the input-output table of Bali. This paper then discusses linkages: direct, open and closed linkages of tourism sectors in the economy of Bali. Disaggregated output, income and import multipliers of these sectors are also provided to indicate which sectors involved. Summary and conclusion are finally provided at the end of the paper.

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DOES PHILIPS CURVE EXIST? EVIDENCE FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper provides evidences that the Philips curve exists in the world’s economy. The
Philips curve depicted a negative correlation between the rate of inflation and
unemployment rate. This dilemma has been a big problem faced by any government.
Inflation cannot be eliminated without raising unemployment, at least for some time and
moderate unemployment cannot be cut sharply without the risk of raising inflation. It was
empirically evidence that this curve exist in the short-run. Inflation cannot be reduced
without creating a recession. Using cross-section data on inflation rate and rate of
unemployment from 182countries all over the world: 49 countries in Asia, 52 countries in
Africa, 39 countries in Europe and 29 countries in America, this paper proved that there
was a negative correlation between the rate of inflation and unemployment rate. It means
that the Philipscurve do exists in economy, but the relationship between them was not
statistically significant.

This paper provides evidences that the Philips curve exists in the world’s economy. The
Philips curve depicted a negative correlation between the rate of inflation and
unemployment rate. This dilemma has been a big problem faced by any government.
Inflation cannot be eliminated without raising unemployment, at least for some time and
moderate unemployment cannot be cut sharply without the risk of raising inflation. It was
empirically evidence that this curve exist in the short-run. Inflation cannot be reduced
without creating a recession. Using cross-section data on inflation rate and rate of
unemployment from 182countries all over the world: 49 countries in Asia, 52 countries in
Africa, 39 countries in Europe and 29 countries in America, this paper proved that there
was a negative correlation between the rate of inflation and unemployment rate. It means
that the Philipscurve do exists in economy, but the relationship between them was not
statistically significant.

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STRUKTUR PRODUKSI DAN POLA KONSUMSI PADA BUDIDAYA JAGUNG DAN KEDELAI: ANALISIS INPUT-OUTPUT

Muchdie, Muchdie

Employing the Indonesian input-output tables both as data sources and as method of analysis, this paper discusses production structure, consumption pattern and the role of maize and soybean in the Indonesian economy. The production structure is discussed by showing the structure of input in producing these commodities; the consumption pattern is indicated by the pattern of output distribution; while the role of these commodities in the national economy is indicated by input-output multipliers. Finally, concluding remarks are provided at the end of the paper.

Employing the Indonesian input-output tables both as data sources and as method of analysis, this paper discusses production structure, consumption pattern and the role of maize and soybean in the Indonesian economy. The production structure is discussed by showing the structure of input in producing these commodities; the consumption pattern is indicated by the pattern of output distribution; while the role of these commodities in the national economy is indicated by input-output multipliers. Finally, concluding remarks are provided at the end of the paper.

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SPATIAL VARIATIONS IN TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AND RETURN TO SCALE IN THE
INDONESIAN ECONOMY

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper reports an analysis of technical efficiency and returns to scale in the Indonesia economy
during 1983-2013 with special attention to the spatial dimension of the economy. The study focused
on seven group of islands: Sumatera (10 Provinces), Java (6 Provinces), Kalimantan (4 Provinces),
Sulawesi (6 Provinces), Bali-Nusa Tenggara (3 Provinces), and Maluku (2 Provinces) and Papua (2
Provinces). Cobb Douglass production function was employed to calculate technical efficiency and
return to scale using regression analysis. Time series data during 1983-2013 on Gross Regional
Domestic Bruto, Capital Stock, and Employment were collected from many sources at the National
Statistics Agency. The results show that technical efficiency in production varies among regions.
Provinces with coefficients of technical efficiency below that at national level exhibited increasing
return to scale. Otherwise, the Provinces with coefficients of technical efficiency above that at
national level exhibited decreasing return to scale.

This paper reports an analysis of technical efficiency and returns to scale in the Indonesia economy
during 1983-2013 with special attention to the spatial dimension of the economy. The study focused
on seven group of islands: Sumatera (10 Provinces), Java (6 Provinces), Kalimantan (4 Provinces),
Sulawesi (6 Provinces), Bali-Nusa Tenggara (3 Provinces), and Maluku (2 Provinces) and Papua (2
Provinces). Cobb Douglass production function was employed to calculate technical efficiency and
return to scale using regression analysis. Time series data during 1983-2013 on Gross Regional
Domestic Bruto, Capital Stock, and Employment were collected from many sources at the National
Statistics Agency. The results show that technical efficiency in production varies among regions.
Provinces with coefficients of technical efficiency below that at national level exhibited increasing
return to scale. Otherwise, the Provinces with coefficients of technical efficiency above that at
national level exhibited decreasing return to scale.

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THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ON INDONESIA’S
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS: A TIME SERIES PATH ANALYSIS

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper analysis direct and indirect impacts of technological progress on Indonesia’s global
competitiveness, with economic growth and human development as moderator variables. Time
series data on technological progress, economic growth, human development and global
competitiveness of Indonesia were collected many sources and employed in a path analysis
model. The results showed that technological progress had a negative and significant direct
impact on the global competitiveness. Technological progress had also negative and significant
direct impact on human development. Furthermore, technological progress had a positive and
significant direct impact on economic growth, and economic growth had positive impact on
human development and negative impact on global competitiveness. Indirectly, the impacts of
technological progress on global competitiveness varied depend on the path. At P43-P31, indirect
impact through human development, the impact was negative and significant. At P43-P32-P21,
indirect impact through human development and economic growth, the impact was positive and
significant. Finally, at P42-P21, indirect impact through economic growth, the impact was
negative and significant. These findings confirm other research by Author using cross-nations
data.

This paper analysis direct and indirect impacts of technological progress on Indonesia’s global
competitiveness, with economic growth and human development as moderator variables. Time
series data on technological progress, economic growth, human development and global
competitiveness of Indonesia were collected many sources and employed in a path analysis
model. The results showed that technological progress had a negative and significant direct
impact on the global competitiveness. Technological progress had also negative and significant
direct impact on human development. Furthermore, technological progress had a positive and
significant direct impact on economic growth, and economic growth had positive impact on
human development and negative impact on global competitiveness. Indirectly, the impacts of
technological progress on global competitiveness varied depend on the path. At P43-P31, indirect
impact through human development, the impact was negative and significant. At P43-P32-P21,
indirect impact through human development and economic growth, the impact was positive and
significant. Finally, at P42-P21, indirect impact through economic growth, the impact was
negative and significant. These findings confirm other research by Author using cross-nations
data.

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THE IMPACTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ON HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

Muchdie, Muchdie

The research reported in this paper aimed to analyse the impacts of technological progress on
human development, directly and indirectly, using Indonesian data 2004-2013. This period of
investigation coincided with the two periods of Yudhoyono adminstration. Technological
progress was mesured by Total Factor Productivity growth (%), Economic growth was
measured by GDP growth (%), Poverty reduction was measured by percentage of poor people
(%), and Human development was measured by human development index. Except data on
total factor productivity growth, all data were collected from National Statistic Agency.A
path model analysis was empolyed to examine direct and indirect impacts. There were four
paths (Path-1 to Path-4) to be analysed. Four hypothesis had been tested.The results showed
that the impact of technological progress on human development varied depend on the path.
Firstly, on Path-1, technological progress had direct negative impact on human development.
This direct impact was statistically significant. Secondly, on Path-2,technological progress
indirectly had negative impact on human development, through poverty reduction. This
indirect impact was statistically significant. Thirdly, on Path-3,technological progress had
positive impact on human development, through poverty reduction and economic growth.
This indirect impact was statistically significant. Finally, on Path-4, technological progress
indirectly had positive impact on human development, through economic development.

The research reported in this paper aimed to analyse the impacts of technological progress on
human development, directly and indirectly, using Indonesian data 2004-2013. This period of
investigation coincided with the two periods of Yudhoyono adminstration. Technological
progress was mesured by Total Factor Productivity growth (%), Economic growth was
measured by GDP growth (%), Poverty reduction was measured by percentage of poor people
(%), and Human development was measured by human development index. Except data on
total factor productivity growth, all data were collected from National Statistic Agency.A
path model analysis was empolyed to examine direct and indirect impacts. There were four
paths (Path-1 to Path-4) to be analysed. Four hypothesis had been tested.The results showed
that the impact of technological progress on human development varied depend on the path.
Firstly, on Path-1, technological progress had direct negative impact on human development.
This direct impact was statistically significant. Secondly, on Path-2,technological progress
indirectly had negative impact on human development, through poverty reduction. This
indirect impact was statistically significant. Thirdly, on Path-3,technological progress had
positive impact on human development, through poverty reduction and economic growth.
This indirect impact was statistically significant. Finally, on Path-4, technological progress
indirectly had positive impact on human development, through economic development.

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KANDUNGAN IMPOR PRODUK-PRODUK PERTANIAN,
PETERNAKAN, KEHUTANAN DAN PERIKANAN

Muchdie, Muchdie

employing input-output model, this paper provides and discusses import components of agricultural, animal husbandry, forestry and fishery sectors in the Indonesian economy. Using the model, it is possible to trace the initial, direct, indirect and consumption induced requirements of imports of these sectors. One can then examine which. sectors have the highest total import components, not just initial or direct import requirements. The result of analysis shows that import components of these sectors are generally low. Only 6 among 26 sectors observed in this study are classified as those that have high import components. It is interesting to note that 3 of those 6 sectors have low initial requirements of import.

employing input-output model, this paper provides and discusses import components of agricultural, animal husbandry, forestry and fishery sectors in the Indonesian economy. Using the model, it is possible to trace the initial, direct, indirect and consumption induced requirements of imports of these sectors. One can then examine which. sectors have the highest total import components, not just initial or direct import requirements. The result of analysis shows that import components of these sectors are generally low. Only 6 among 26 sectors observed in this study are classified as those that have high import components. It is interesting to note that 3 of those 6 sectors have low initial requirements of import.

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THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN INDONESIA

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper examined the impact of technological change on poverty alleviation,
with unemployment rate and economic growth as moderating variables, in
Indonesia during the period of 10 years (2004-2013). This period was coincided
with the two period of Yudhoyono Administration. Technological change was
measured by total factor productivity (TFP) growth, unemployment was
measured by open unemployment rate, economic growth was measured by the
growth of Gross Domestic Product based on the year of 2000 constant price, and
poverty alleviation was measured by the percentage of poor people. Impact
analysis was conducted using SEM-Path Analysis techniques. Most data were
directly gathered from the National Statistics Agency, except data on TFP
growth. The results showed that first, technological change,directly, had a not
significant positive impact on poverty alleviation (Path-1). Second, technological
change, indirectly, had a positive significant impact on poverty alleviation (Path2).

Third, technological change, indirectly, had a positive significant impact on
poverty alleviation (Path-3). Fourth, technological change, indirectly, had
positive significant impact on poverty alleviation (Path-4).

This paper examined the impact of technological change on poverty alleviation,
with unemployment rate and economic growth as moderating variables, in
Indonesia during the period of 10 years (2004-2013). This period was coincided
with the two period of Yudhoyono Administration. Technological change was
measured by total factor productivity (TFP) growth, unemployment was
measured by open unemployment rate, economic growth was measured by the
growth of Gross Domestic Product based on the year of 2000 constant price, and
poverty alleviation was measured by the percentage of poor people. Impact
analysis was conducted using SEM-Path Analysis techniques. Most data were
directly gathered from the National Statistics Agency, except data on TFP
growth. The results showed that first, technological change,directly, had a not
significant positive impact on poverty alleviation (Path-1). Second, technological
change, indirectly, had a positive significant impact on poverty alleviation (Path2).

Third, technological change, indirectly, had a positive significant impact on
poverty alleviation (Path-3). Fourth, technological change, indirectly, had
positive significant impact on poverty alleviation (Path-4).

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ISLAMICITY AND GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS: A CROSS-NATIONS PATH ANALYSIS

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper analysis the impact, direct and indirect impacts, of
Islamicity on Global competitiveness, with Human development as
moderator variable. Cross-section data on Islamicity index, Human
development index and Global competitiveness index were collected
from 123 countries and employed in a path analysis model. The results
show that Islamicity had a positive and significant direct impact on
global competitiveness. Islamicity had also positive and significant
direct impact on human development. These direct impacts were
statistically significant. Furthermore, human development had a
positive and significant direct impact on the global competitiveness.
Finally, Islamicity had a positive and significant indirect impact on the
global competitiveness, through human development. It is suggested
that Islamic teaching be implemented in daily life in order to maintain
competitiveness globally.

This paper analysis the impact, direct and indirect impacts, of
Islamicity on Global competitiveness, with Human development as
moderator variable. Cross-section data on Islamicity index, Human
development index and Global competitiveness index were collected
from 123 countries and employed in a path analysis model. The results
show that Islamicity had a positive and significant direct impact on
global competitiveness. Islamicity had also positive and significant
direct impact on human development. These direct impacts were
statistically significant. Furthermore, human development had a
positive and significant direct impact on the global competitiveness.
Finally, Islamicity had a positive and significant indirect impact on the
global competitiveness, through human development. It is suggested
that Islamic teaching be implemented in daily life in order to maintain
competitiveness globally.

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