Tag: muhammadiyah

INDONESIA’S INTER-REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT
MODEL: A NEW HYBRID PROCEDURE FOR AN ISLAND ECONOMY

Muchdie, Muchdie

Tulisan ini menggagas sebuah prosedur hibrida baru dalam penyusunan model input-output antardaerah pada suatu perekonomian kepulauan, dengan mengacu kepada kasus khusus Indonesia. Prosedur ini, disebut GIRIOT, merupakan kombinasi dan modifikasi dari prosedur GRIT II dan GRIT III; prosedur hibrida yang dirancang untuk perekonomian maju di negara benua. Dua prosedur hibrida dalam penyusunan model input-output antardaerah akan ditelaah. Kemudian, empat pertimbangan dasar dari prosedur hibrida baru akan dikemukakan, sebelum prosedur yang diusulkan dibahas; tahap demi tahap. Menggunakan data Indonesia, dua model input-output antardaerah kemudian dihasiikan. Pengujian validitas model menunjukkan bahwa prosedur yang digagas menghasilkan model input-output antardaerah yang dalam batas tertentu mencerminkan karakteristik perekonomian kepulauan Indonesia.

Tulisan ini menggagas sebuah prosedur hibrida baru dalam penyusunan model input-output antardaerah pada suatu perekonomian kepulauan, dengan mengacu kepada kasus khusus Indonesia. Prosedur ini, disebut GIRIOT, merupakan kombinasi dan modifikasi dari prosedur GRIT II dan GRIT III; prosedur hibrida yang dirancang untuk perekonomian maju di negara benua. Dua prosedur hibrida dalam penyusunan model input-output antardaerah akan ditelaah. Kemudian, empat pertimbangan dasar dari prosedur hibrida baru akan dikemukakan, sebelum prosedur yang diusulkan dibahas; tahap demi tahap. Menggunakan data Indonesia, dua model input-output antardaerah kemudian dihasiikan. Pengujian validitas model menunjukkan bahwa prosedur yang digagas menghasilkan model input-output antardaerah yang dalam batas tertentu mencerminkan karakteristik perekonomian kepulauan Indonesia.

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PERANAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN HASIL PERTANIAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH TRANSMIGRASI

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Peranan Industri Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian (IPHP) Dalam Pengembangan Wilayah Transmigrasi dengan Kasus Pabrik Pandu (Pilot Plant) Ethanol di Satuan Kawasan Pemukiman Transmigrasi Tulang Bawang I, Lampung (Di bawah Bimbingan Lutfi Ibrahim NASOETION sebagai Ketua, isang GONARSYAH dan Bambang Sulistiyo UTOMO sebagai Anggota). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) memperkirakan dampak IPHP terhadap peningkatan pendapatan wilayah, (2) mempelajari kesediaan transmigran untuk mengusahakan tanaman Ubi kayu sebagai bahan baku bagi IPHP dan (3) mempelajari kemungkinan alokasi pemanfaatan lahan yang dapat memaksimumkan pendapatan transmigran dari kegiatan usaha tani.

Peranan Industri Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian (IPHP) Dalam Pengembangan Wilayah Transmigrasi dengan Kasus Pabrik Pandu (Pilot Plant) Ethanol di Satuan Kawasan Pemukiman Transmigrasi Tulang Bawang I, Lampung (Di bawah Bimbingan Lutfi Ibrahim NASOETION sebagai Ketua, isang GONARSYAH dan Bambang Sulistiyo UTOMO sebagai Anggota). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) memperkirakan dampak IPHP terhadap peningkatan pendapatan wilayah, (2) mempelajari kesediaan transmigran untuk mengusahakan tanaman Ubi kayu sebagai bahan baku bagi IPHP dan (3) mempelajari kemungkinan alokasi pemanfaatan lahan yang dapat memaksimumkan pendapatan transmigran dari kegiatan usaha tani.

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KEBERARTIAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI DI PULAU JAWA DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA :
ANALISIS INPUT-OUTPUT ANTARDAERAH

Muchdie, Muchdie

The island of Java is significantly important for the Indonesian economy as the national economy is highly concentrated in this island. Historically, the island of Java has dominated the Indonesian economy since the colonial era. More than 60 per cent output of the Indonesian economy resulted by the island of Java. Using an inter-island input-output model, this paper shows the economic significant of manufacturing industry, the island of Java and Java’s manufacturing industry in the Indonesian economy.

The island of Java is significantly important for the Indonesian economy as the national economy is highly concentrated in this island. Historically, the island of Java has dominated the Indonesian economy since the colonial era. More than 60 per cent output of the Indonesian economy resulted by the island of Java. Using an inter-island input-output model, this paper shows the economic significant of manufacturing industry, the island of Java and Java’s manufacturing industry in the Indonesian economy.

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INFLASI, PENGANGGURAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI
DI NEGARA-NEGARA ISLAM

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper discuss on inflation, unemployment and economic growth in Islamic State Nations.
There are two types of Islamic state nations in this study, namely Islamic states that have adopted
Islam as the ideological foundation and constitution (6 countries) and the other one is that Muslimmajority
nation-states
that
have
endorsed
Islam as
their
state
religion
(14

countries). The Philips
curve does exist in the countries as indicated by negative correlation between inflation rate and the
rate of unemployment which was statistically significant, although the coefficent of determination
was very small. Multiple regression analysis which inflation and unemployment were independent
variables and economic growth was dependent variable showed that there were not significant
simultant negative influences of the rate of inflation and the rate of unemployment toward economic
growth. But, partially both inflation and unemployment have significant negative impact on
economic growth in Islamic countries.

This paper discuss on inflation, unemployment and economic growth in Islamic State Nations.
There are two types of Islamic state nations in this study, namely Islamic states that have adopted
Islam as the ideological foundation and constitution (6 countries) and the other one is that Muslimmajority
nation-states
that
have
endorsed
Islam as
their
state
religion
(14

countries). The Philips
curve does exist in the countries as indicated by negative correlation between inflation rate and the
rate of unemployment which was statistically significant, although the coefficent of determination
was very small. Multiple regression analysis which inflation and unemployment were independent
variables and economic growth was dependent variable showed that there were not significant
simultant negative influences of the rate of inflation and the rate of unemployment toward economic
growth. But, partially both inflation and unemployment have significant negative impact on
economic growth in Islamic countries.

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ECONOMIC GROWTH AND HAPPINESS: A CROSS-NATIONS PATH ANALYSIS MODEL

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper directly and indirectly examines the impact of economic growth on happiness, with human development as
moderator variable. Cross-nations data on economic growth, human development, and happiness indices were collected from 124
countries and employed in a path analysis model. The results show that economic growth had a direct negative and significant impact
on both happiness and human development. Meanwhile, human development had a positive and significant direct impact on happiness.
Indirectly, through moderator variable human development, economic growth again had a negative and significant impact on
happiness. An implication of this finding was that economic growth is no longer a single important factor of a development indicator. It
is then suggested that human development, rather than economic growth, sustainably be promoted in order to make everyone always
feels happy

This paper directly and indirectly examines the impact of economic growth on happiness, with human development as
moderator variable. Cross-nations data on economic growth, human development, and happiness indices were collected from 124
countries and employed in a path analysis model. The results show that economic growth had a direct negative and significant impact
on both happiness and human development. Meanwhile, human development had a positive and significant direct impact on happiness.
Indirectly, through moderator variable human development, economic growth again had a negative and significant impact on
happiness. An implication of this finding was that economic growth is no longer a single important factor of a development indicator. It
is then suggested that human development, rather than economic growth, sustainably be promoted in order to make everyone always
feels happy

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SPATIAL DIMENSIONS OF MULTIPLIERS IN SUMATRA ISLAND ECONOMY:
AN INTER-REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper provides the results of analysis of total, sectoral-specific,
and spatial-specific multipliers and flow-on effects in Sumatera Island
economy. The model employed was Inter-Regional Input-Output
Model (IRIOM) developed using new hybrid procedures with special
attention on Island economy. Data used for model were updated
Indonesian data for the year of 2015. The results show that firstly, the
important sectors of Sumatra Island economy could be based on total
multipliers and flow-on effects of output, income and employment.
Secondly, important economic sectors could be based on sector-specific
multipliers effects; multipliers that occurred in own sector and other
sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatialspecific

multipliers; multipliers that occurred both in own region and
other regions. Fourthly, important economic sectors could be based on
spatial distribution of flow-on; flow-on effects that occurred in own
region as well as in other regions.

This paper provides the results of analysis of total, sectoral-specific,
and spatial-specific multipliers and flow-on effects in Sumatera Island
economy. The model employed was Inter-Regional Input-Output
Model (IRIOM) developed using new hybrid procedures with special
attention on Island economy. Data used for model were updated
Indonesian data for the year of 2015. The results show that firstly, the
important sectors of Sumatra Island economy could be based on total
multipliers and flow-on effects of output, income and employment.
Secondly, important economic sectors could be based on sector-specific
multipliers effects; multipliers that occurred in own sector and other
sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatialspecific

multipliers; multipliers that occurred both in own region and
other regions. Fourthly, important economic sectors could be based on
spatial distribution of flow-on; flow-on effects that occurred in own
region as well as in other regions.

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SECTOR AND SPATIAL-SPECIFIC MULTIPLIERS IN EASTERN INDONESIA’S ECONOMY: AN INTER-ISLAND INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS

Muchdie, Muchdie

This paper aimed to provide the results of analysis on total and flow-on effects, sector-specific, and spatial-specific
multipliers in Eastern Indonesia’s Islands economy, mainly for planning and evaluation purposes. These Islands consist of thr ee
groups of big Islands such as: Sulawesi (6 provinces), Maluku (2 provinces) and Papua (2 provinces). The model employed was InterIsland
Input-Output
Model
(IIIOM)
developed
using
new
hybrid
procedures
with
special
reference
to
Island economy. Data used for
model were updated to Indonesian data for the year of 2015. The results show that firstly, the important sectors of Eastern Indonesia’s
Island economy could be based on total multipliers and flow-on effects of output, income and employment. Secondly, important
economic sectors could be based on sector-specific multipliers of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own
sector and other sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatial-specific multipliers of output, income and
employment; multipliers that occurred both in own region and other regions.
economic sectors could be based on sector-specific multipliers of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own of output, income and employment
sector and other sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatial-specific multipliers
; multipliers that occurred both in own region and other re

This paper aimed to provide the results of analysis on total and flow-on effects, sector-specific, and spatial-specific
multipliers in Eastern Indonesia’s Islands economy, mainly for planning and evaluation purposes. These Islands consist of thr ee
groups of big Islands such as: Sulawesi (6 provinces), Maluku (2 provinces) and Papua (2 provinces). The model employed was InterIsland
Input-Output
Model
(IIIOM)
developed
using
new
hybrid
procedures
with
special
reference
to
Island economy. Data used for
model were updated to Indonesian data for the year of 2015. The results show that firstly, the important sectors of Eastern Indonesia’s
Island economy could be based on total multipliers and flow-on effects of output, income and employment. Secondly, important
economic sectors could be based on sector-specific multipliers of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own
sector and other sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatial-specific multipliers of output, income and
employment; multipliers that occurred both in own region and other regions.
economic sectors could be based on sector-specific multipliers of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own of output, income and employment; multipliers that occurred in own of output, income and employment
sector and other sectors. Thirdly, important economic sectors could be based on spatial-specific multipliers
; multipliers that occurred both in own region and other re

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PENGANTAR MANAJEMEN STRATEGIS UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH

Muchdie, Muchdie

Dibutuhkan pendekatan strategis terhadap masalah membangun kekayaan wilayah, dimana para pemimpin wilayah tersebut perlu mengembangkan visi, misi, kebijakan-kebijakan, dan struktur-struktur yang membimbing terhadap usaha-usaha pengembangan perekonomian wilayah. Manajemen strategis dapat dijadikan sebagai pendekatan. Konsep ini telah banyak diterapkan pada tingkat perusahaan dalam rangka memberikan arah perjalanan perusahaan tersebut di masa depan. Dengan pendekatan manajemen strategis tadi, perencana wilayah perlu merumuskan langkah demi langkah untuk menentukan jalur terbaik dalam mencapai tujuan pengembangan perekonomian wilayah.

Dibutuhkan pendekatan strategis terhadap masalah membangun kekayaan wilayah, dimana para pemimpin wilayah tersebut perlu mengembangkan visi, misi, kebijakan-kebijakan, dan struktur-struktur yang membimbing terhadap usaha-usaha pengembangan perekonomian wilayah. Manajemen strategis dapat dijadikan sebagai pendekatan. Konsep ini telah banyak diterapkan pada tingkat perusahaan dalam rangka memberikan arah perjalanan perusahaan tersebut di masa depan. Dengan pendekatan manajemen strategis tadi, perencana wilayah perlu merumuskan langkah demi langkah untuk menentukan jalur terbaik dalam mencapai tujuan pengembangan perekonomian wilayah.

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APLIKASI MODEL INPUT-OUTPUT DALAM ANALISIS PEREKONOMIAN WILAYAH

Muchdie, Muchdie

Konsep keterpaduan program pembangunan ekonomi menjadi semakin penting dalam era otonomi daerah. Secara ideal, output dari suatu program pembangunan bisa menjadi input bagi program pembangunan lainnya. Program pembangunan yang bersifat “ego-sektor” semakin tidak populer karena diyakini akan merugikan kepentingan pembangunan secara keseluruhan. Dalam perekonomian yang lebih luas, hubungan antar kegiatan ekonomi juga menunjukkan keterkaitan yang semakin kuat dan dinamis. Jenis-jenis kegiatan baru bermunculan untuk mengisi kekosongan mata rantai kegiatan yang semakin panjang dan kait mengait. Kemajuan di suatu sektor tidak mungkin dapat dicapai tanpa dukungan sektor-sektor lain. Begitu juga sebaiiknya, hilangnya kegiatan suatu sektor akan berdampak terhadap kegiatan sektor lain. Berbagai hubungan antarkegiatan ekonomi (interindustry relationship) selanjutnya dapat direkarn dalam suatu instrumen yang dikenal dengan model input-output (IO).

Konsep keterpaduan program pembangunan ekonomi menjadi semakin penting dalam era otonomi daerah. Secara ideal, output dari suatu program pembangunan bisa menjadi input bagi program pembangunan lainnya. Program pembangunan yang bersifat “ego-sektor” semakin tidak populer karena diyakini akan merugikan kepentingan pembangunan secara keseluruhan. Dalam perekonomian yang lebih luas, hubungan antar kegiatan ekonomi juga menunjukkan keterkaitan yang semakin kuat dan dinamis. Jenis-jenis kegiatan baru bermunculan untuk mengisi kekosongan mata rantai kegiatan yang semakin panjang dan kait mengait. Kemajuan di suatu sektor tidak mungkin dapat dicapai tanpa dukungan sektor-sektor lain. Begitu juga sebaiiknya, hilangnya kegiatan suatu sektor akan berdampak terhadap kegiatan sektor lain. Berbagai hubungan antarkegiatan ekonomi (interindustry relationship) selanjutnya dapat direkarn dalam suatu instrumen yang dikenal dengan model input-output (IO).

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MODEL-MODEL EKONOMI DIFUSI TEKNOLOGI

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Teknologi merupakan mesin bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dipelopori oleh Abramovitz (1956) dan Solow (1957), para peneliti telah menemukan bahwa kemajuan teknologi merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi proses pertumbuhan ekonomi. Bahkan, kajian yang paling baru mengungkapkan bahwa sejumlah besar keragaman pendapatan dapat dijelaskan oleh keragaman dalam penggunaan teknologi. Akan tetapi, akan dibutuhkan waktu bagi sebuah teknologi baru untuk memberikan kontribusi ekonomi yang signifikan. Terdapat dua proses penting agar teknologi bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Pertama, teknologi haruslah dikaitkan dengan kegiatan ekonomi. Ini merupakan proses inovasi, dimana temuan teknologi baru diaplikasikan pada kegiatan ekonomi. Kemudian, teknologi haruslah diadopsi oleh masyarakat. Proses ini disebut dengan proses difusi

Teknologi merupakan mesin bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dipelopori oleh Abramovitz (1956) dan Solow (1957), para peneliti telah menemukan bahwa kemajuan teknologi merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi proses pertumbuhan ekonomi. Bahkan, kajian yang paling baru mengungkapkan bahwa sejumlah besar keragaman pendapatan dapat dijelaskan oleh keragaman dalam penggunaan teknologi. Akan tetapi, akan dibutuhkan waktu bagi sebuah teknologi baru untuk memberikan kontribusi ekonomi yang signifikan. Terdapat dua proses penting agar teknologi bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Pertama, teknologi haruslah dikaitkan dengan kegiatan ekonomi. Ini merupakan proses inovasi, dimana temuan teknologi baru diaplikasikan pada kegiatan ekonomi. Kemudian, teknologi haruslah diadopsi oleh masyarakat. Proses ini disebut dengan proses difusi

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